Physical and Chemical Environment of Streams

Streams and rivers have a number of abiotic characteristics that are determined by their physical and chemical environment. This environment, in turn, influences stream biota.

Geophysical characteristics of streams are determined by underlying geologic composition and geomorphic processes. Geomorphic processes occur at different spatial and temporal scales, resulting in a continuum of stream habitats.

Water, the moving medium of streams, exerts physical influence on streams through streamflow and water quantity and chemical influence through water quality

Sediment is an important physical component of streams that is of particular concern to biologists and managers. Sediment production is a natural process; but it is accelerated by human activities, often to the detriment of stream biota. Sediment entering streams is transported downstream and also forms the substrate of streams.